Posts tagged: confounding
Simpson's Paradox: When Subgroups Disagree With the Aggregate
How a trend that holds within every subgroup can reverse when those groups are combined, and why the Berkeley admissions data remains the clearest illustration.
Correlation Is Not Causation, Illustrated With Cat Food
A study shows premium cat food extends feline life. It probably doesn't. A walkthrough of confounders, causal DAGs, and collider bias: the machinery behind each illusion.